The Academy will also be revealing the nominations for the 85th Academy Awards on January 10 - five days earlier than previously announced.
The Awards, which honour the best movies, performances and technical film achievements of the year, are scheduled to be held on February 24 at the Dolby Theatre.
The Hollywood venue, which was formerly known as the Kodak Theatre, has hosted the ceremony for a decade.
The Academy said the date had been brought forward in an effort to provide its members - and the public - more time to see the nominated films.
The nomination ballots will be sent to the Academy's active members on December 17, who can then respond via their preferred electronic device or the standard paper vote.
The completed forms - postal or electronic - must then be forwarded to accounting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers for final tabulation.
Regular awards are presented for outstanding individual or collective film achievements in up to 25 categories.
Members from each of the branches vote to determine the nominees in their respective categories, for example actors nominate actors, and film editors nominate film editors.
However, within the Animated Feature Film and Foreign Language Film categories, nominations are selected by vote of multi-branch screening committees.
All voting members are eligible to select the Best Picture nominees.
After the final ballots are tabulated, only two partners of PricewaterhouseCoopers know the results until the famous envelopes are opened on stage during the Academy Awards presentation.
Ric Robertson, the Academy's chief operating officer, said the online voting option would be an interesting exercise not just in voting mechanics "but also in human psychology and seeing how people respond to change".
The Wall Street Journal quoted him as saying Academy members have been more concerned about losing the tradition of paper balloting than with other digital voting-related concerns, such as security breaches.
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