The 243-page psychiatric report says the 32-year-old was mentally ill and therefore not responsible for his actions when he killed a total of 77 people.
It says he has developed paranoid schizophrenia and should be detained indefinitely at a psychiatric hospital.
Public prosecutor Svein Holden told a packed press conference that experts had "described a person who lives in his own delusional universe".
He said the report concluded: "He believes he is chosen to determine who is to live and who is to die.
"Breivik stated that he committed these 'executions' out of love for his people. He describes himself as the most perfect knight since the Second World War."
The report followed 13 meetings between Breivik and a team of psychiatrists.
If the recommendations are accepted, Breivik cannot be sent to prison but will instead be confined to a secure psychiatric unit. The court will then meet every three years to decide if he is still a danger to society.
He can be released if he is later deemed to be "cured and well".
Had he been found sane and sent to prison, he could have received a maximum sentence of 20 years.
Breivik has confessed to the killings, which he committed in a shooting spree at a youth retreat on Utoya island and a car bomb attack in Oslo.
Public prosecutors can theoretically decide to ignore the conclusions of the psychiatric report, although such decisions are highly unusual.
The full report will be presented at Breivik's next court hearing on April 16
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